查看“代谢重塑”的源代码

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            <strong>代谢重塑</strong>（Metabolic Reprogramming）是指细胞在生理或病理（如恶性转化、免疫激活、干细胞分化）过程中，通过主动调整代谢通路与通量，以满足其特定的生物能量、生物合成及氧化还原稳态需求的过程。作为[[癌症特征]]的核心维度，代谢重塑亦是决定[[间充质干细胞]]（MSC）治疗效价及[[免疫细胞]]杀伤功能的底层驱动力。
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            <div style="font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 1.2px; text-decoration: none;">代谢重塑 · 生物全息图</div>
            <div style="font-size: 0.75em; opacity: 0.85; margin-top: 4px; white-space: nowrap;">Metabolic Reprogramming (点击展开)</div>
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                    [[文件:Cell_Metabolism_Core_Pathways.png|180px|细胞代谢重塑通路示意]]
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                <div style="font-size: 0.8em; color: #64748b; margin-top: 12px; font-weight: 500;">代谢流转向与生物量积累视角</div>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #475569; background-color: #f8fafc; width: 40%;">核心特征</th>
                    <td style="padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;">[[Warburg效应]]</td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #475569; background-color: #f8fafc;">关键调控因子</th>
                    <td style="padding: 10px 15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;">$HIF\text{-}1\alpha$, $c\text{-}Myc$</td>
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                    <th style="text-align: left; padding: 10px 15px; color: #475569; background-color: #f8fafc;">应用维度</th>
                    <td style="padding: 10px 15px; color: #1e40af; font-weight: 600;">靶点治疗 / 极化调控</td>
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        代谢重塑并非简单的代谢增强，而是细胞通过精密的分子开关，将营养物质从“产生能量”转向“构建细胞组分”的过程。
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        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>糖代谢模式切换：</strong> 即使在氧气充足时，重塑细胞仍显著提升葡萄糖摄取率并将其转化为乳酸。此举旨在通过磷酸戊糖途径（$PPP$）最大化产出核苷酸合成所需的 $R5P$。</li>
        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>谷氨酰胺依赖：</strong> 细胞上调 $ASCT2$ 等转运蛋白，通过谷氨酰胺分解（Glutaminolysis）为 $TCA$ 循环提供“补偿性能量”。</li>
        <li style="margin-bottom: 12px;"><strong>脂质景观重塑：</strong> 激活脂肪酸从头合成通路，为质膜的扩张和信号分子的产生提供必要的碳源。</li>
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                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #0f172a; width: 25%;">特性维度</th>
                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #475569;">静态细胞 (Steady State)</th>
                <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #dc2626;">重塑细胞 (Activated/Malignant)</th>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">葡萄糖归宿</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">线粒体彻底氧化 ($CO_2 + H_2O$)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">转化为乳酸 (即使在常氧环境下)</td>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">主要代谢产物</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">$ATP$ (高能量转化率)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">碳骨架/核酸/氨基酸/脂质</td>
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                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: 600;">线粒体生理学</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">高效电子传递链 ($ETC$)</td>
                <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">作为合成代谢前体的库房</td>
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        <strong style="color: #0f172a; font-size: 1.1em; display: block; margin-bottom: 12px;">参考文献与学术点评</strong>
        
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            [1] <strong>Warburg O. (1956).</strong> <em>On the origin of cancer cells.</em> <strong>Science</strong>. <br>
            <span style="color: #475569; font-size: 0.95em;">[学术点评]：代谢重塑奠基之作，揭示了肿瘤细胞在有氧环境下依然利用糖酵解产能的生物学悖论。</span>
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            [2] <strong>Vander Heiden M G, et al. (2009).</strong> <em>Understanding the Warburg effect...</em> <strong>Science</strong>. <br>
            <span style="color: #475569; font-size: 0.95em;">[学术点评]：阐明了重塑代谢是为了获取生物合成中间产物而采取的进化策略，而非简单的产能效率问题。</span>
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            [3] <strong>Pavlova N N, Thompson C B. (2016).</strong> <em>The Emerging Hallmarks of Cancer Metabolism.</em> <strong>Cell Metabolism</strong>. <br>
            <span style="color: #475569; font-size: 0.95em;">[学术点评]：当代权威总结，系统定义了代谢重塑在营养获取、代谢转换及微环境互作中的核心属性。</span>
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        <div style="background-color: #0f172a; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px;">代谢重塑 · 知识图谱关联</div>
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            [[Warburg效应]] • [[谷氨酰胺分解]] • [[mTOR通路]] • [[TME代谢竞争]] • [[MSC代谢极化]] • [[代谢组学]]
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