查看“NKT细胞”的源代码

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        <strong>NKT细胞</strong>（Natural Killer T Cell）系一类兼具 T 淋巴细胞（表达 [[TCR]]）与 NK 细胞（表达 CD56/CD161）表面标志物的独特免疫细胞亚群。其核心特征在于识别由非多态性 **[[CD1d]]** 分子呈递的脂质或糖脂抗原。作为免疫系统的“极化中枢”，NKT 细胞在抗肿瘤免疫、重塑[[肿瘤微环境]]及募集多种免疫效应细胞中发挥着不可替代的作用。
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        <div style="font-size: 1.25em; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: 1.5px; text-decoration: none;">NKT细胞 · 生物图谱</div>
        <div style="font-size: 0.75em; opacity: 0.9; margin-top: 5px; white-space: nowrap; text-decoration: none;">Cellular Profile (点击展开)</div>
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            <div style="font-size: 0.85em; color: #475569; margin-top: 15px; font-weight: 600;">TCR 与 CD1d 之脂质抗原识别</div>
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                <th style="text-align: left; padding: 12px 18px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #475569; font-weight: 600; width: 40%; background-color: #f8fafc;">限制性分子</th>
                <td style="padding: 12px 18px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;">[[CD1d]]</td>
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                <th style="text-align: left; padding: 12px 18px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #475569; font-weight: 600; background-color: #f8fafc;">经典激动剂</th>
                <td style="padding: 12px 18px; border-bottom: 1px solid #f1f5f9; color: #0f172a;">$\alpha$-GalCer</td>
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                <th style="text-align: left; padding: 12px 18px; color: #475569; font-weight: 600; background-color: #f8fafc;">功能表型</th>
                <td style="padding: 12px 18px; color: #1e40af; font-weight: bold;">免疫调节/直接杀伤</td>
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[Image comparing T cell, NK cell and NKT cell receptors]
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    NKT 细胞通过其高度保守的 [[TCR]] 链，实现对 CD1d 分子呈递抗原的精准扫描。与传统 T 细胞识别蛋白质肽段不同，NKT 识别的是由 [[CD1d]] 分子（一种非多态性类 MHC-I 分子）提呈的[[糖脂]]。这种机制赋予了 NKT 细胞识别肿瘤脂质代谢异常的独特能力。激活后的 NKT 细胞能迅速分泌大量 $IFN-\gamma$ 和 $IL-4$，作为“免疫开关”动员全身免疫应答。
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<h2 style="background: linear-gradient(to right, #0f172a, #3b82f6); color: #ffffff; padding: 10px 18px; border-radius: 4px; font-size: 1.25em; margin-top: 40px; border-left: 6px solid #1e3a8a; border-bottom: none; text-decoration: none;">细胞类型横向对比</h2>
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            <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">维度</th>
            <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">NK 细胞</th>
            <th style="padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">NKT 细胞</th>
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            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: bold;">受体类型</td>
            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">KIR / KAR</td>
            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #1e40af; font-weight: bold;">TCR + CD56</td>
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            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: bold;">抗原限制性</td>
            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">无/低</td>
            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #1e40af; font-weight: bold;">[[CD1d]] 限制</td>
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            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; font-weight: bold;">应答速度</td>
            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1;">即时</td>
            <td style="padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #cbd5e1; color: #1e40af; font-weight: bold;">极快（数小时）</td>
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        [1] <strong>Godfrey D I, et al. (2018).</strong> <em>The biology and functional diversity of NKT cells.</em> <strong>Nature Reviews Immunology</strong>. <br>
        <span style="color: #1e40af; font-weight: 500;">[学术点评]：该领域最具权威性的综述之一，系统界定了 iNKT 在肿瘤免疫监视中的核心枢纽地位。</span>
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        [2] <strong>Heczey A, et al. (2020).</strong> <em>Anti-GD2 CAR-NKT cells in patients with relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma.</em> <strong>Nature Medicine</strong>. <br>
        <span style="color: #1e40af; font-weight: 500;">[学术点评]：里程碑式的临床研究，首次证实了工程化 NKT 细胞在处理实体瘤及调控抑制性微环境中的安全性。</span>
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        [3] <strong>Brennan P J, et al. (2013).</strong> <em>Invariant natural killer T cells: an innate activation scheme based on self-lipid recognition.</em> <strong>Nature Reviews Immunology</strong>. <br>
        <span style="color: #1e40af; font-weight: 500;">[学术点评]：详述了 NKT 识别内源性脂质抗原的分子逻辑，为理解自身免疫应答提供了重要理论支柱。</span>
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    <div style="background-color: #0f172a; color: #ffffff; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding: 12px; letter-spacing: 2px; text-decoration: none;">相关知识导航</div>
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        [[CD1d限制性识别]] • [[CAR-NKT]] • [[alpha-GalCer]] • [[通用型细胞治疗]] • [[肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞]]
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